Can I use a phone photo or a selfie for my passport?

A phone photo works for US online passport renewal and UK online applications, though GOV.UK says someone should help you take it. Canada requires a commercial photographer, Australia discourages apps and selfies, and India doesn’t say.

Rules checked on · official sources only

What each country says

CountryAnswerOfficial quoteSourceChecked
United StatesPassport Yes for online passport renewal: phone photos are accepted in JPG, JPEG, PNG, HEIC or HEIF. Selfies are not specifically addressed. The photo is a JPG, JPEG, PNG, HEIC, or HEIF file. Photos taken on a mobile device may automatically save in one of these formats. travel.state.gov
United KingdomOnline application Yes for online applications: you can take it on your own device during the application, but GOV.UK says you’ll need someone to help you take it. You’ll need someone to help you take a photo during your application. You can get a digital photo either: from a photo booth or shop before applying for your passport by taking one using your own device during your passport application gov.uk
Canada No. Phones and selfies aren't mentioned, but both printed and digital passport photos must be taken in person by a commercial photographer. Your digital passport photo must: be taken in person by a commercial photographer be taken no more than 6 months before the date you submit your application not be a scanned copy of a printed passport photo be taken in person by a commercial photographer or photo studio canada.ca
Australia Not recommended. The official site discourages online photo services and mobile apps; the video says someone else should take the photo from 1.5 metres away. We do not recommend using an online passport photo service or a mobile app. These may put you in danger of identity fraud. You should stand about half a metre from the background and the photographer should stand one and a half metres away from you. passports.gov.au
passports.gov.au (video transcript)
India Not stated. Selfies and phone photos aren't mentioned; at the PSK, the Citizen Service Executive takes your photograph. The CSE will click your photograph, take fingerprints. passportindia.gov.in (PDF)
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Answers quote the official pages linked above. Not affiliated with any government. Final acceptance is up to the issuing authority.